View source for Mars

{{MyriadMars}}
{{ImageInfoBox2|file=mars-stsc.jpg|caption=Mars ({{STSC}})}}
{{TableRow|title=Official Name|data=United Martian Colonies<ref name="TOS15"/> (founded [[Chronology: 2103|2103]])<ref name="VOY120"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Affiliation|data=[[United Earth Republic]],<ref name="ENT96"/> [[United Federation of Planets]]<ref name="TOS01"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Astrography|data=[[Sol system|Sol]] IV,<ref name="TOS01"/> [[Sol Sector]], [[Alpha Quadrant]]<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Distance from Primary|data=227,940,000[[kilometer|km]]<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Orbital Period|data=686.9 days<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Rotational Period|data=24 hours, 37 minutes<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{Class|[[Class M planet|M]] ([[terraforming|Terraformed]] from [[Class K planet|Class K]])<ref name="Mosaic"/><ref name="STSC"/><ref name="ENT96"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Surface Temperature|data=-120&deg;C to 25&deg;C<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Diameter|data=6790[[kilometer|km]]<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Gravity|data=0.38[[gravity|g]]<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Natural Satellites|data=[[Phobos]], [[Deimos]]<ref name="ENT96"/><ref name="ENT97"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Points of Interest|data=[[#Environment & Geography|Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards]],<ref name="TNG154"/> [[#Environment & Geography|Olympus Mons]], [[#Environment & Geography|Valles Marineris]]<ref name="STSC"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Notable Species|data=[[Humans]]<ref name="TOS15"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Notable Individuals|data=[[Romaine, Mira|Mira Romaine]],<ref name="TOS73"/> [[Tarses, Simon|Simon Tarses]]<ref name="TNG195"/>}}
{{TableRow|title=Notable Events|data=}}
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Originally a [[Class K planet]],<ref name="STSC"/> Mars was terraformed over the course of two centuries to become [[Class M planet|Class M]].<ref name="Mosaic"/><ref name="ENT97"/><ref name="STSC"/> Mars is the fourth planet in the [[Sol system]],<ref name="TOS01"/> located in the [[Sol Sector]]<ref name="STSC"/> (''aka'' [[Sector 001]])<ref name="TNG175"/> of the [[Alpha Quadrant]].<ref name="STSC"/>
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<gallery mode="packed">
mars-stsc.jpg|Mars ([[Star Trek: Star Charts (Book)|STSC]])
mars-dsc15.jpg|Mars ([[Star Trek: Discovery|DSC]] [[Will You Take My Hand? (Episode)|15]])
</gallery>
|}</div>
The first [[Humans|Human]] settlers arrived on Mars in [[Chronology: 2103|2103]].<ref name="VOY120"/> The colony's original flag was based on a painting of a bullfighter on velvet.<ref name="STSC"/> In [[2105]], a serial murderer killed eight women, and the crime would go unsolved until [[2266#November|2266]].<ref name="TOS36"/>

[[Mira Romaine]]<ref name="TOS73"/> and [[Simon Tarses]]<ref name="TNG195"/> were both born on Mars. [[Leah Brahms]] resided on Mars while working on the [[Galaxy class|''Galaxy'' class]] starship project at [[Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards]].<ref name="TNG154"/>

==Environment & Geography==
By [[2155]], the [[terraforming]] of Mars was well underway, and only thermal insulation gear and simple breathing masks were needed to venture onto the planet's surface, rather than full environmental suits.<ref name="ENT96"/> By the 24th century, Mars had been completely terraformed.<ref name="Mosaic"/> Only 10% of Mars' surface is covered by water, nearly all of which is in freshwater lakes created from existing impact craters.<ref name="Decipher7"/>

One of Mars' most famous features is Olympus Mons, an extinct volcano and the tallest mountain in the [[Sol system]]. Another notable feature is Valles Marineris, a network of steep canyons that stretches for 4000 kilometers. Hellas Mare is a huge freshwater lake in the southern hemisphere created from Mars' largest impact crater, Hellas Planitia.<ref name="Decipher7"/>

==History==
Human settlement began in [[2103]],<ref name="VOY120"/> when the first permanent colony was established on the plains of Utopia Planitia. Established by the [[United Space Probe Agency]], the settlement was called Nova Ares and its first inhabitants were mostly UESPA support personnel who oversaw ship launches and refueling.<ref name="Decipher7"/> Some of these early settlers included ancestors of [[Jean-Luc Picard]].<ref name="ST07"/>

The first Humans to settle Mars adopted the term "Martians" in jest. Every year, they organized the H.G. Wells Martian Festival, named in honor of the author of "[[War of the Worlds]]," though the festival became more of a curiousity by the 24th century. As the Martian independence movement gained momentum in the mid-22nd century, the residents of Mars took the term more seriously, and it became a symbol of their desire to govern themselves. As the colony grew, it attracted free spirits who just wanted to live on Mars. Settlement had spread beyond Utopia Planitia, and the colonists were sufficiently numerous and confident of themselves that a momement for independence began to form.<ref name="Decipher7"/>

In [[2152]], informal groups of activists coalesced to form the 100-member Mars Constituent Assembly,<ref name="Decipher7"/> which published a document called the "Fundamental Declaration of the Martian Colonies,"<ref name="TOS15"/> which asserted that the Mars colonists were entitled to the same political and legal rights as anyone living on Earth. The question of what to do with Mars became even more troublesome when war broke out with the [[Romulan Star Empire]] in [[2155]]. With the war raging, Earth authorities and the Mars Constitutent Assembly approved an arrangement in [[2158]] in which Mars would retain its allegiance to Earth, while the colonists would gain considerable authority to govern themselves. The formation of the [[United Federation of Planets]] in [[2161]] rendered any remaining controversy over Martian independence moot.<ref name="Decipher7"/>

In [[2230]], [[Starfleet]] expanded the old fleet support bases and built the [[Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards]] around them.<ref name="Decipher7"/> The Utopia Planitia yards quickly became one of Starfleet's most important construction and support facilities and the birthplace of some of its most famous vessels, including the [[U.S.S. Enterprise NCC-1701-D|U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' NCC-1701-D]],<ref name="TNG101"/> the [[U.S.S. Defiant NX-74205|U.S.S. ''Defiant'' NX-74205]],<ref name="DS9447"/> and the [[U.S.S. Voyager NCC-74656|U.S.S. ''Voyager'' NCC-74656]].<ref name="VOY218"/>

By the 24th century, Nova Ares had become a thriving city of 100,000 residents. The [[Mars Elective Assembly]] meets in a conference hall built on the site of the first meeting of the Assembly in [[2147]]. The tallest structure in Nova Ares is a sleek, 100-story skyscraper that houses the headquarters of Dennis Young Amalgamated Industries, the largest private corporation on Mars.<ref name="Decipher7"/>
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{{References}}
<references>
<ref name="TOS01">{{RefTOS01}}</ref>
<ref name="TOS15">{{RefTOS15}}</ref>
<ref name="TOS36">{{RefTOS36}}</ref>
<ref name="TOS73">{{RefTOS73}}</ref>
<ref name="TNG101">{{RefTNG101-2}}</ref>
<ref name="TNG154">{{RefTNG154}}</ref>
<ref name="TNG175">{{RefTNG175}}</ref>
<ref name="TNG195">{{RefTNG195}}</ref>
<ref name="DS9447">{{RefDSN447}}</ref>
<ref name="ST07">{{RefST07}}</ref>
<ref name="VOY120">{{RefVOY120}}</ref>
<ref name="Mosaic">[[Mosaic (Novel)|"Mosaic"]]. ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]].'' Novel. Simon &amp; Schuster/Pocket Books, October 1996.</ref>
<ref name="VOY218">{{RefVOY218}}</ref>
<ref name="STSC">{{RefSTSC}}</ref>
<ref name="Decipher7">{{RefDecipher7}}</ref>
<ref name="ENT96">{{RefENT96}}</ref>
<ref name="ENT97">[[Terra Prime (Episode)|"Terra Prime"]]. ''[[Star Trek: Enterprise]],'' Episode 97. Television. Paramount Pictures Corporation, 13 May 2005.</ref>
</references>
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